2024 National Public Opinion Reference Survey Methodology

Summary SSRS conducted the National Public Opinion Reference Survey (NPORS) for Pew Research Center using address-based sampling and a multimode protocol. The survey was fielded from Feb. 1, 2024, to June 10, 2024. Participants were first mailed an invitation to complete an online survey. A paper survey was later mailed to those who did not…

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3. American voters’ expectations for voting this year

A majority of registered voters (62%) say they will or already have cast their ballot in person in the 2024 general election, with 38% planning to vote on Election Day and 24% planning to vote at an early voting location (or already having done so). Meanwhile, 28% of voters say that they expect to cast…

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1. Views of election administration and confidence in vote counts

Most voters say that the 2024 election will be run and administered well, both in their community and across the U.S. And while confidence in election administration across the country is up since 2020, it remains lower than it was before the 2018 midterms.  Harris voters are more positive than Trump voters in their predictions…

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Methodology

The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 154 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted from Sept. 3 to 15, 2024. A total of 6,204 panelists responded out of 8,216 who were sampled, for…

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6. How men and women rate their own masculinity and femininity

To understand how U.S. adults see their own masculinity and femininity, we asked men and women to rate themselves on two scales: We then subtracted ratings on the femininity scale from ratings on the masculinity scale to come up with an overall rating for each respondent. For example, if someone rated themselves a 4 on…

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5. How Americans see differences between men and women

Most Americans, including majorities of men, women, Republicans and Democrats, say men and women are different in many ways. But there are gaps by gender and partisanship when it comes to views of whether biology or societal expectations are driving these differences. About two-thirds of U.S. adults or more say men and women are basically…

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